التعريف
Abstaining from food, drink, marital relations, and other nullifiers from dawn (Fajr) until sunset (Maghrib) with the intention of worship. Obligatory in Ramaḍān and recommended on many other days.
النطق: ṣawm / ṣi-YĀM
الاشتقاق والجذر
From ص-و-م (ṣ-w-m), meaning 'to abstain, to hold back.' Maryam was commanded to say her vow was a 'ṣawm' — abstention from speech.
الاستخدام في القرآن
'O you who believe, fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may attain taqwā.' (al-Baqarah 2:183)
الاستخدام في السنة
'Every deed of the son of Ādam is for him, except fasting — it is for Me, and I will reward it.' (Bukhārī 1904)
التطبيق العملي
Beyond Ramaḍān, fast Mondays and Thursdays, the white days (13, 14, 15 of each lunar month), and ‘Āshūrā' and ‘Arafah for those not on ḥajj.
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مصطلحات ذات صلة
المزيد من Fiqh Terms
Major ritual purification — full body washing.
Scholarly effort to derive rulings from evidence.
Dry purification with clean earth when water is unavailable.
Understanding the rulings of the Sharī‘ah.
Voluntary charity.
Consensus of qualified scholars.