Imam al-Shāfiʿī, drawing on the hadith "When you say to your companion 'Be silent' on Jumuʿah while the Imam is delivering the khutbah, you have committed lagha (you have spoken vainly and lost the reward)" — held that listening to the khutbah is obligatory and that speaking during it is forbidden, even speech of enjoining good. He permitted the Imam himself to address an attendee if there is need, and permitted the attendee to respond when directly addressed, and to return the salām silently with a gesture. Other than this, total silence is required.