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Reference SA-0148
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Majmu' Fatawa Ibn Baz
Volume 4, On Creed and Related Topics
Shaykh Ibn Baz explains that the Five Pillars of Islam are the foundation upon which a Muslim's faith and life are built. These pillars are not mere suggestions but are obligatory acts of worship that define one's relationship with Allah and their role in the community.
The first pillar is the Shahadah, the testimony of faith: "There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and Muhammad is His Messenger." This is the cornerstone of belief, affirming Allah's oneness (Tawhid) and the finality of the prophethood of Muhammad (peace be upon him). It must be declared with sincerity and understanding, and its implications must be lived out daily.
The second pillar is Salah (Prayer), the five daily prayers performed at their prescribed times. It is the most important pillar after the Shahadah and serves as a direct and recurring connection between the worshipper and Allah, offering spiritual nourishment and guidance throughout the day.
The third pillar is Zakat (Obligatory Charity). This is the practice of giving a set proportion of one's wealth (typically 2.5%) to the poor and needy. It purifies one's own wealth, combats selfishness, and fosters a sense of social responsibility and compassion within the Muslim community.
The fourth pillar is Sawm (Fasting) during the month of Ramadan. This involves abstaining from food, drink, and marital relations from dawn until sunset. It is an act of obedience and devotion that teaches self-discipline, patience, and empathy for the less fortunate.
The fifth pillar is Hajj (Pilgrimage) to the Kaaba in Makkah, which is obligatory once in a lifetime for every Muslim who has the physical and financial ability to undertake the journey. The Hajj is a profound spiritual experience that symbolizes the unity of the Muslim Ummah, stripping away worldly distinctions of race, wealth, and status.
Evidence
Hadith
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Islam is built upon five [pillars]: the testimony that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establishing prayer, giving zakat, pilgrimage to the House, and fasting Ramadan." ([Sahih [al-Bukhari 8](/hadith/bukhari/8)](/hadith/bukhari/8); [Sahih Muslim 16](/hadith/muslim/16))
Key Takeaway
The Five Pillars of Islam are the foundational, obligatory acts of worship that structure a Muslim's daily life and belief.
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